Try to handle it as a zip file (including maybe the perusal of its contents) and see whether there is an error.
Some platforms come however with the command called "file" which guesses the file type basically upon its contents.
$ file a.xls a.doc c.c bubu.ppt
a.xls:ISO-8859 Java program text
a.doc:ASCII text, with very long lines, with CRLF, LF line terminators
c.c:empty
bubu.ppt: Zip archive data, at least v1.0 to extract
NAME
file - determine file type
SYNOPSIS
file [ -bciknsvzL ] [ -f namefile ] [ -m magicfiles ] file ...
file -C [ -m magicfile ]
HISTORY
There has been a file command in every UNIX since at least Research Version 6 (man page dated January 16, 1975). The System V version introduced one significant major change: the external list of magic number types. This slowed the program down slightly but made it a lot more flexible.