That is the ternary operator:
?:
This code:
int len = (this.libraryUsers == null) ? 0 : this.libraryUsers.length;
Is a short way of doing this:
if (this.libraryUsers == null) {
len = 0;
} else {
len = this.libraryUsers.length;
}
So if you ever want to say "If b is true then x = y, else x = z" you can write:
x = b ? y : z;